Automatic machine-tool.



R. HAZELTON at s.`E|NsTE|N.

AUTOMATIC MACHINE TOOL.

APPLICATION FILED MAR` 15,1915.

3 SHEETS-SHEET I wl E I HAZ-Ca? T I N ff www IT. T. HAzE'LToN II s.EINSTEIN.

AUTOMATIC MACHINE TooL.

3 APPLlCATlON FILED MAR15| 1915.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

sv 54 /I IIIAIIIIII'I R. T. HAZELTON II S. EINSTEIN.

AUTOMATIC MACHINE TOOL.

APPLICATION FILED MAR.I5.19I5.

1,258,614. Patented Mar. 5,1918.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

UNITED sTATEs PATENT oEEroE. p y

ROBERT T. HAZELTON AND SOL EINSTEIN, OF

CINCINNATI, OHIO, ASSIGNORS TO THE CINCINNATI MILLING MACHINE COMPANY,OF OAKLEY, CINCINNATI, OHIO, A COR- PORATION OF OHIO.

AUTOMATIC MACHINE-TOOL.

Pateated Mar.'5,191s.

Application led March 15, 1915. Serial No. 14,568.

To all whom'z't may concern.'

Be it known that we, ROBERT 'L iiAzEL- TorY and SOL E1NsTE1N,citizens oftheUnited Sta-tes, and residing at Cincinnati, in the county of Hamiltonand State of Ohio, have invented anew and Improved AutomaticMachine-Tool, of which the following application is a full disclosure.

This joint invention deals with machine tools and it undertakes to'improve certain motion transmitting and controlling features thereof soas to reduce the number of parts required for the general organizationand in other respects it materially simplifies the general arrangement.

Among various other objects, this joint invention contemplates a moreaccessible control for regulating the direction and rotation of thespindle.v

Another object is to render available a system of gearing extending fromthe prime mover t'o the spindle and constructed in 4accordance with aspeed ratio system of such a nature as will greatly promote the facilitywith which the various gears may be shifted and which will render itunnecessary to use gears as heavy and as large as thoseheretoforeemployed.

Another object within the contemplation of this invention is to simplifythe main power control for the machine so that by the use ofnon-complicated elements, thev power may be disconnected by a simplemovement of a hand lever and a braking ,of the movement of the formerand which,

taken aS a whole will represent a material saving in the number of partsrequired in accomplishing these functions.

Another object` is to provide a relation betweenthe table control andthe Oil pump or table feed so that the number of elements required toconstitute the transmission will be reduced.

Another object is to create a simplified control for the spindle speedswhereby by moving a singlelever progressively into successive positions,the spindle speeds may be correspondingly varied.

Other objects will be in part obvious from the annexed drawings and inpart indicated in connection therewith by the following analysis of thisinvention.

This invention accordingly consistsin the features of construction,combinations of parts and in the unique relations of the members and inthe relative proportioning and disposition thereof; all as morecompletely outlined herein.V

To enable others skilled in the art so fully to comprehend theunderlying features thereof that they ma, embody the-same bythe numerouslmodifications in structure and relation contemplated by this invention,A drawings depicting a preferred form havel been annexed asl a part ofthis disclosure, and in such drawings, like characters of referencedenote corresponding parts throughout all the views, of which Figure lis a diagrammatic drawing depicting a gear arrangementl such as isherein proposed forgiving the spindles a series of speeds, for changingthe direction of rotation thereof, and for rovidin the speed ratiosenabling a generail simpli cation to be effected.

Fig. 2 is a horizontal section taken through line 2, 2, of Fig. 4through the speed change box showing the arrangement of certain controlelements whereby a single handle may yield four speed ratios.

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary side elevation partly in section" taken throughline 3, of Flg. 4 of the hand lever and the lgear 90 shifting arms. p

Fig. 4 is a side elevation of the speed change box.

Fig. 5 is a-section through line 5, 5, of

Fig. 6 is an isolated partial assembly of the gear actuating leversyste-m arranged 1n a single plane to better show the arrangement of theparts.

Fig. 7 is a side elevation of a milling 100 machine of a knee-columntype exemplifying howany species of milling. machines y may bereorganized to embody thls ]o1nt 1nvention. v

To obtain an adequate understanding of this invention, it'should Vbekept in` mmd that the term feed, as used herein, indlcates any one of aseries of relatively slow 'movements of the table all essentiallysuitable for tooling operations, and the term feed-changer orfeed-change mechanism indicates only that particular device whichdetermines the rate at which the table thus feeds"; and it is to bedistinguished from variable speed devices which effect changes not allidentied with a tooling operation,

' thereon to the effect of the tool or cutter that is secured to anappropriate tool-supporting member here typified by va spindle X which,in this instance, is continuously yrotated by power derived from thesame source or prime-mover that actuates the table. In order to enablethe machine properly to eXecute its functions, these actuated elementsmust be capable of being brought into adjustable'relation with oneanother in two directions. This is accomplished by an inizerponentframe-unit B that intervenes between the frame-unit A that directlysupports the spindle or tool-supporting member and the frame-unit C thatdirectly mounts ihetable. In the type of machine lillustrated, theinterponentframe-unit B is'commonly termed a knee the table-supportingframe-unit C is usually termed a saddle, and the .spindle mountingframe-unit A is generally termed a column The chief mechanicalcharacteristic of the interponent frame-unit B is that it provides for arelative vertical adjustment as to the spindlemounting unit, and ahorizontal adjustment as to the table-supporting unit, z'. c., in a,

direction transverse to the other.

The spindle-mounting frame-unit, or column A, has heretofore been thatalso selected to rest on the floor and thus provide a foundation for themachine, as a whole, and it has also been utilized to support or mountboth the change-gear mechanism that varies the speed of the spindle, aswell as the change-gear mechanism that varies the rate of feed ofthetable. This, however,

has resulted in a very considerable inconvenience to the attendant inmanipulating the machine. That is to say, the attendant lmust bestationed at the outer longitudinal side of the reciprocating table inorder to lscrutinize the action of the machine` but,

when so stationed, he is out of reach of the levers that effect all thechanges of the rate of feed of the table, so that, in order to makethese changes he must shift his position. U; S. Patent N o. 1,125,686proposes, among other things, a rearrangement and a reconstruction ofthe control elements so as to free the so-called column of the machinefrom the mechanism that governs the rate at which the table shall feed,and so to locate -the said mechanism, and so to combine it with othercontrol features that the attendant, when stationed at the outerlongitudinal edge of the reciprocating table (the edge remote from theframe-unit that' uprises across the plane ofthe table) and withoutshifting his position, will be able, first, to change the rate at whichthe table feeds, z'. e., to vary its Speed during a cutting stroke;second, to change the direction of travel of the table, either manuallyor automatically; and third, to stop the movement of the table eithermanually or automatically.' In carrying out this aspect of saidinvention, one

of the frame-units carrying the weight of the table may assume anyconventional proportions or configuration, such as are indicated on thedrawings, but with this distinction, that it is contrived also tosupport or carry the weight of what may be termed a feed-change boX, z'.c., the casing and elements constituting a change-gear mechanism suchthat the rate of feed may be varied at will. This box may also includeother control features, such as the means for determining the directionof movement of the table; all for example as fully set forth in saidpatent. v

A more comprehensive grasp of the various aspects ofthis invention mayperhaps be obtained by tracing the course` of motion through the machinein connection with a description of the structural features involved.

At a convenient. point, as for example on a column A,is mounted a primemover P, here instanced as a pulley, and both the spindle and the tablemay be driven by this prime mover.

In the embodiment under description, the table-feed transmission systemderives mo-l tion directly from the prime-mover and includes the beveledgear l secured to the shaft p1 and meshing with a beveled gear 2 whichis located at the upper end of a shaft 3 which depends alongside of theframe-unit A or column and enters a box at the side of said frame-unit;within which it terminates in a bevel 4 that meshes with the bevel 5secured to the horizontal knuckle 6. The foregoing embodimentconstitutes a very simple structure for so locating the knuckle 6 thatthe deflection necessary for shaft 7' will be reduced t0 a minimum. Themotion is then transmitted through the feed-change box C1 to actuate thetable Y in any desired The spindle-propelling transmission, in-` cludingthe gearing enabling the rate of speed to be-varied, will now bedescribed. In this embodiment, this transmission eX- tends from theinitial terminal-member d2 to the ultimate terminal-member a', which inthis instance is not shiftable. This transmission derives motion fromthe prime mover P preferably through a motion reverser so that thespindle may be caused to rotate in either direction. To that end, thisinvention provides a combination junction and reversing device wherebythe parts are reduced in number and a much simpler arrangement isthereby afforded. This device comprises two opposite coaxial bevel gears1 and d1 each of which permanently meshes with an intervening bevel'gear 2 having its axis arranged transversely to the other gears. isdriven by the pulley P; the bevel 2 is keyed to the table-feeding orpump-driving shaft 3; and the bevel d1 idles about the shaft Z3 andturns contrary to bevel 1. This pump-driving and table-feeding shaft 3terminates at its lower end in a bevel gear 4 which is coaxiallyopposite to another bevel gear 2 which iskeyed tothe upper end of theshaft b which is connected at its lower end to a pump c so las to driveit. An intermediate bevel gear 5 meshes simultaneously with both gears 4and 2 and is connected to a knuckle 6 whereby the extensible shaft 7 isdriven. By means of this arrangement, the pump driving mechanism bears asimplified relation to the table mechanism. A doubleended clutch d2 issplined to shaft d3 and is shifted to clutch either bevel 1 or bevel Z1to said shaft by means of lever d shown in Fig. 7; thereby enabling thedirection of the spindle to be reversed without aecting the direction ofrotation of the table-feeding transmission. Shiftably mounted on theshaft d3 are two independently movable units or gear-bearers d* and d5.The former carries the gears d and ds, and the latter carries the gearsJ7 and dg, and the purpose of enabling these gear is to utilize one oranother of said four gears for propelling or transmitting purposes.Keyed to a shaft D1 journaled in parallelism with shaft @Z5-is a seriesof gears D6, D", D8, D9 which is so arranged that gear d6 may be broughtinto mesh with gear DS, and so on. In a suitable manner, motion isderived from any one of these four gears. Thus, the shaft g1 carriesagear g1 which may be brought into mesh (keyed to shaft D1) by a lateralmovement of the unit g4, or similarly the gear g1 may be meshed withgear D9. These gears are shifted by the arm g. .Inasmuch as the unit gissplined to the be rotated at'a rate dependent upon the character of theforegoing intermeshing;

with the effect that gear g2, which Iis fast to the shaft g1, willdirectly drive the gear Gr2 and indirectly the gear G8 at acorresponding rate.

The bevel 1 is keyed to shaft p1 and bearers to be shifted shaft g1, thelatter will The gears G2 and 'G3 are constructed together preferably toform a single shifting gear unit which is mounted on a shaft G15V and isadapted to be lever G having an arm G4 terminating in a shoe seatedwithin the angular groove G5.

The gear g2 is elongated so that it may constantly mesh with sitions ofthe latter. to the spindle X and provides a large w3 adapted to meshWith the. pinion G3 the gear unit m also provides a pinion :1:2 adaptedto be brought into-mesh with the large gear G2. In consequence of thisarrangement sixteen diferent spindle speeds become available as follows:Four closely graduated' speeds by means of the single hand lever D;these doubled by means of the hand lever g having an arm g3 shifting thegear Vunit g4; and these eight speeds again A gear unit m is keyeddoubled by means of the hand lever G above described.

A unique characteristic of this gear seriesl lies in the peculiarrelationships and the rates of the said speeds. By turning .to Fig. 1,it will be perceived that the four closely graduated speeds are obtainedby shifting gear units which are comparatively small in diameter andwhich rotate at a very high speed by virtue of being connected toreceive undiminished the full speed of the primemover. Between thisspeed-changer andthe spindle is a reducing pinion g2 which enables thepulley to run at a proportionately high speed and reduces the 4strain onthe gears and the pressures on the various shafts. It has been found,contrary to the prevailing belief, that at the high speeds at which thegear units d* and d5 run, the shifting can be effected with much lessclashing of teeth. t v

For the urpose of giving a better control to the mam power supply of themachine, the prime mover P has a loose mounting about the shaft p1, andis adapted to be connected therewith by rffans of a clutch member 792which .is spline-d to said shaft, and which in turn is positioned bymeans of an elongated rod p3 extending through shaft p1 and shaft cl3,and which has its other extreme end pinned lto a friction brake p*having a beveled face adapted to cramp against a counterpart face on astationary element p5. This arrangement locates the control of the mainpower relatively near the front of the machine, and the shifting isyeffected by an elongated lever P2 adapted to be connected at variousangles with the shaft P3 by means of clutch teeth,l as shown in Fig. 4.

the gear G2l in all pogear' and shifted by means ofaf The lower end ofthis shaft carries an arm bling the attendant to shift the four coam'algears of the speed-change mechanism so that the spindle may be causedtorot'ate at anyone of'the'selectively available speeds, may now bedescribed.' iThis' mechanism embodies certam improvements simplifyingattendant.

its construction and also enhancing its facility of operation. In thisembodiment, a

single hand lever D is utilized to control the4 four feed-changesconstituting what may be 'termed the first and second series ofmultipliers.

This'lever, is indicated by the character D on Figs. 2-to .7, and itcomprises an arm or shank 50 that extends through a cross-slot (see Fig.2) in a positioning Aor guard-plate 51 that projects laterally from theside of the gear-box A1 whichconta'ins the speed-change mechanism asaforesaid. This brings thegrip of the lever D adjacent the side of thecolumn, whereit will atall times be within the convenient reach of theThe other end of the lever is flattened to form a gearesegment 52 whichis received by a radial slot 53 provided in the end-portion 54 of fanelongated sleeve 55 which extends transversely to the handlever D and isjournaledin'the gear-box A1 so as to permit of rotation, but not of anaXial movement. The other oud of this sleeve 55 provides an o'set arm 56terminating in a shoe 57 that rides in the circumferential groove 58ofthe gear unit Z5 so that vwhen the sleeve 55 -is partially rotated bymoving the hand-lever D right or left, the gear-unit d5 will be shiftedaxially lso as to causeone of its gears to mesh with another gear, andso that, when the handlever 1s in' an intermediate position, the gearl`unit d5 willl also be 'in an intermediate or' non-transmittingposition. Tn the arrangement shown, when the hand lev'erD is in its leftposition, ,the gear-unit Z5 will be shifted to theleft, as seen by'Figs. 3 and 6, with the edectthat gear 0X9 will mesh with gear D9. Thisis the position indicated by al1 D9 on Fig. 2. So also when thehand-lever is in' its right position (al7 D7), the gear @i7 will meshwith the gear D7. Thus the lateral movement of the hand lever D willdetermine the vposition of the gear-unit' (Z5. The construction is such,moreover, that-the transof the hand lever'D will also control theposition of the gear-unit d4. A pin 59 pivots the hand lever to a-radialextension 60 of the sleeve 55 and a rod 61 extends 'coaxiallyfthroughthe bore of the sleeve 55 and it provides a rack 62 meshing with theteeth of the gear-segment 52 so that transverse oscillations of the handlever D will reciprocate the rod 61 and, by means of' another rack l63,this reciprocating motion is utilized to oscillate a lever 64 which ispivoted at 65, and hasan arm 66 terminating in a gear-segment meshing`with the rack 63.

The sleeve 55 has one side cut away, as indiany one of its lvariouspositions,

. with the turning of the rock-sleeve 55. This lever 64also meshes witha part D11 pivoted at I 12 and having anarm which terminates in a shoe67 riding'in a circular groove 68 of the gear-unit d4 so as to controlthe positions thereof. Hence, when thehand lever D is swung to thefposition d D8 indicated by Fig. 3, the gear als will be brought intomesh with the gear D6 and conversely, when it is swung into the positionZ7 D7 the gear (Z7 will mesh with the gear D7. The relation of thesevarious gears al", all, d8 and Z9 to the transmission system is suchthat but one of them may be operating at the same time, otherwisesomething would have to break and this circumstance is precluded by theuse of the cross-slot in the plate 51. Tn order that the hand lever Dmay remain in ball-pawls 69 and 70 will preferably be provided tocooperate with the appropriate recesses in the lever D11 and the'sleeve55, respectively, as Will be understood by referring to Fig. 2.

Having thus revealed this invention, we claim as new and desire tosecure the fol lowing combinations of elements and equiv alents thereofby Letters Patent of the United States:

1. A machine-'tool organization "combining a tool-support; aworlrsupport; a first bevel-gear; a second power-driven bevelgearcoaxial with said rst bevel-gear; a shiftable clutch adapted tooperativelyconneet. either one of said bevel-gears in pro-l pellingrelation with a third bevel-gear meshing with each of said otherbevelvgears; and means establishing a propelling relation between saidthird bevel and the work support.

the arm 66-may 'one of said supports;

ing a geanset adapted to yield a plurality of speeds; a guide-plateproviding a simllar number of slotsradiating from a common center; alever adapted to be shifted through the common center into each of saidslots; andinechanism adapted to adjust said 'geanset to yieldsuccessively great-er speeds as said lever 1s shifted successively fromthe one slotinto the immediately adjacent slot.

3. A machine-tool organization combining a prime-mover; a spindle; atubular shaft; a shiftable gear on saidshaft; means enabling saidprime-mover to drive said spindle through the agency of said gear; meansimpeding the free rotation of said gear and comprising an element intele scopic relation with said tubularshaft and' a hand lever 4forshifting said element axially with relation to said tubular sha1-'ttoprime mover .to rotatel said sha' 5. A milling-machine combiningl twocoaxially arranged tubular-shafts; a bevelgear fixed to one shaft; asecond bevel-gear free from the other shaft; a clutch splined to saidlast-mentioned shaft; a third bevelgear meshing with said two gears; aprimef mover; a rod extending through said shafts; rod-operated meansfor establishing a driving relation between said prime-mover and vone ofsaid shafts; a spindle; and gearing for transmitting motion from one ofsaid I shafts to said spindle.

6. A milling-machine combining two coaxially arranged tubular-shafts; abevelgear fixed to one shaft; a second bevel-gear free from the othershaft; a clutch splined to said last-mentioned shaft; a third bevel- Ygear meshing with said two gears; a vertical shaft extending downwardlyfrom said third bevel-gear; a work-support actuated by said verticalshaft; a prime-movera rod extending through said shafts; rod-operatedmeans for establishing a driving relation between said prime-mover andone of said shafts; a spindle; and gearing for transmitting motion fromone of said shafts to said spindle.

7. A milling-machine combining a spindle;a non-translatable cone 0fgears thereon; an intermediate shaft; a cone of gears. translatablethereon to engage successively the spindle gears; an intermediate axle;transmission gears non-translatably carried by `said axle; apower-driven shaft; gears translatably mounted thereon to be engagedwith saidtransmission gears; and a shiftable cone of gears adapted to betranslated to selectively en age one of Said transmission gears to enale the latter to propel the gears on the first-mentioned intermediate fshaft.

8. A milling-machine combining a spindle; a power-driven arbor; a firstshaft near the spindle; a' second shaft near' the arbor; a first andsecond set of gears nontranslatably mounted on the spindle and secondshaft, respectively; a first and a second set .of gears shiftablymounted on the irst shaft and arbor respectively; and an .intermediateset of gears adapted to be translated to selectively enable said firstSet of shiftable gears to be driven by the second set ofnon-translatable gears. In witness whereof, we here our names asattested by the two witnesses.

' to subscribe subscribing ROBERT T. HAzEL'roN. son EINSTEIN.

Witnesses:

W. F. REUrss, H. T. WmLIAMs.

